Chemical Coordination and Integration

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Insulin: Hypoglycemic factor. It acts on hepatocytes and adipocytes to

enhance cellular glucose uptake and utilization. So, glucose from blood

rapidly moves to hepatocytes and adipocytes. Thus, blood glucose level

decreases (hypoglycemia). Stimulates glycogenesis (glucose converts

to glycogen). Prolonged hyperglycemia leads to Diabetes mellitus (loss

of glucose through urine and formation of harmful compounds like

ketone bodies). Treatment is insulin therapy.

9. TËSTÏS (MÅLË GØÑÅD)

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It is the male primary sex organ and an endocrine gland. A pair of testis

is present in the scrotal sac. It is formed of seminiferous tubules and

interstitial (stromal) tissues.

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Leydig (interstitial) cells in the inter-tubular spaces produce hormones

called androgens (mainly testosterone).

(Karnataka NEET 2013)

FUNCTIONS OF ANDROGENS

For

spermatogenesis

Regulate

development,

maturation and

functions of the

accessory sex

organs.

Stimulate male

sexual behaviour

(libido), growth

of muscles, hairs,

aggressiveness, low

pitch voice etc.

Help in anabolism

of protein and

carbohydrate.

10. ØVÅRÝ (FËMÅLË GØÑÅD)

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It is the female primary sex organ.

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It produces one ovum during each menstrual cycle.